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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">novtexmech</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Мехатроника, автоматизация, управление</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Mekhatronika, Avtomatizatsiya, Upravlenie</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1684-6427</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-1253</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Commercial Publisher «New Technologies»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17587/mau.21.337-347</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">novtexmech-822</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АВТОМАТИЗАЦИЯ И УПРАВЛЕНИЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКИМИ ПРОЦЕССАМИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>AUTOMATION AND CONTROL TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Математические модели распределения температуры жидкости по вертикальных и горизонтальных трубах скважины</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Mathematical Models for Determining the Distribution of Fluid Flow Temperature along the Wellbore and Horizontal Pipeline</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рзаев</surname><given-names>Аб. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rzayev</surname><given-names>A. H.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р техн. наук, проф.</p><p>Баку</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D. Sc. in Engineering, Professor</p><p>Baku</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">abbas_r@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гулуев</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Guluyev</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р техн. наук, доц.</p><p>Баку</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D. Sc. in Engineering, Associate Professor</p><p>Baku</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">scb_06@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пашаев</surname><given-names>Ф. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pashayev</surname><given-names>F. H.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р техн. наук, доц.</p><p>Баку</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D. Sc. in Engineering, Associate Professor</p><p>Baku</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pasha.farhad@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рзаев</surname><given-names>Ас. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rzayev</surname><given-names>As. H.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р техн. наук, доц.</p><p>Баку</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D. Sc. in Engineering, Associate Professor</p><p>Baku</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">asifrzayev48@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Асадова</surname><given-names>Р. Ш.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Asadova</surname><given-names>R. Sh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. техн. наук, доц.</p><p>Баку</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Сand. Sc., Associate Professor</p><p>Baku</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Renaasadova2007@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Институт систем управления НАНА<country>Азербайджан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Control Systems of ANAS<country>Azerbaijan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>06</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>337</fpage><lpage>347</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Commercial Publisher «New Technologies», 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Commercial Publisher «New Technologies»</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Commercial Publisher «New Technologies»</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://mech.novtex.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://mech.novtex.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://mech.novtex.ru/jour/article/view/822">https://mech.novtex.ru/jour/article/view/822</self-uri><abstract><p>Предлагается новый непрямой метод определения мгновенного дебита нефтяных скважин с использованием разработанных математических моделей. В результате комплексного анализа с использованием моделей выявлена корреляция между дебитом нефтяной скважины и температурой выходящего потока. Разработаны математические модели распределения температуры потока жидкости по длине насосно-компрессорных труб от дна скважины до устья скважины и по длине нефтепровода от коллектора нефтяных скважин до установки подготовки нефти. На основании экспериментальных данных авторы предлагают формулы в виде зависимости между вязкостью нефтяной эмульсии (НЭ), температурой потока и концентрацией водяных капель в НЭ и коэффициентом теплопередачи от потока жидкости в стволе скважины (СС) к породе, а также теплоемкостью и теплопроводностью газа, воды, камня и стали стенок СС. Этот эффект демонстрируется на построенных графиках.Показано, что температура на дне подскакивает в результате эффекта дросселлирования Джоуля-Томсона и передается со скоростью потока v. В этом случае температура потока нефтяной смеси (НС) в устье скважины или на выходе скважины зависит больше от объема потока, чем от температуры в забое скважине. В статье не учитывается сильное влияние затрубного пространства на температуру потока на выходе скважины. Как видно из изложение, относительные значения теплопроводности столба жидкости и столба газа, присутствующих в затрубном пространстве, на порядок меньше теплопроводности стенки скважины. Следовательно, температура потока НС на выходе скважины будет зависеть не только от объема потока, но также от температуры в забое скважины, а также столба газа и столба жидкости.Разработан новый метод определения дебита нефтяной скважины путем измерения температуры на выходе трубопровода. Предложена математическая модель, позволяющая рассчитать тепловой профиль жидкости вдоль ствола скважины для определения дебита нефтяной скважины с учетом геотермального градиента в породе, окружающей ствол скважины. Показано, что в отличие от существующих методов, новый предложенный метод позволяет очень легко определить мгновенный дебит скважины.Одной из актуальных проблем при перекачке пластового флюида (нефти, воды и газа) от скважин до установки подготовки нефти является определение закона распределения температуры по длине нефтепровода при низкой температуре окружающей среды, приводящей к повышению вязкости и парафиновых отложений на внутренней поверхности трубы. Решение данной проблемы требует учета некоторых определяющих характеристик потока пластового флюида (ПФ). Сложность решения обусловлена двумя факторами. С одной стороны, в большинстве случаях (особенно на поздней стадии разработки месторождения) ПФ является нефтяной эмульсией (НЭ), содержащей газовые пузырьки, с другой стороны градиент температуры между потоком жидкости и окружающей средой имеет существенное значение (особенно в зимний период года). При этом с повышением содержания эмульгированных водяных капель (ЭВК) в НЭ и с понижением температуры потока вязкость ПФ повышается и, следовательно, снижается производительность (эффективность) нефтеперекачивающей системы. Проведенные исследования и анализ промысловых экспериментальных данных показали, что изменение вязкости нефти от значения температуры описывается гиперболическим законом, а вязкость НЭ от концентрации ЭВК — параболическим. С учетом этих факторов и эмпирических законов Фурье о теплопроводности и закона Ньютона о теплопередаче составлен баланс тепла для определенного участка нефтепровода при установившемся режиме движения жидкости с использованием метода разделения переменных.В результате, в отличие от существующих работ, получен экспоненциальный закон распределения температуры по длине нефтепровода, учитывающий нелинейный характер изменения вязкости НЭ от изменения температуры потока и концентрации воды в эмульсии. Результаты расчета приведены в виде таблицы и графиков.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This paper presents a proposed new indirect method determining instantly oil well debit using developed mathematical models. As a result integrated analysis using the models it has been revealed correlation between oil well debit and well throw out flow temperature. Therefore putting purpose was obtained. Mathematical models are developed for the distribution of fluid flow temperature along the length of the tubing from the well bottom to the wellhead and along the length of the oil pipeline from the collector of oil wells to the oil treatment unit. On the basis of experimental data, the authors propose formulas in the form of the relationship between oil emulsion (OE) viscosity, the flow temperature and concentration of water globule in OE and the coefficient of heat transfer from the fluid flow in the wellbore (WB) to the rock, and heat capacity and thermal conductivity of gas, water, rock and steel of the WB walls. This effect is demonstrated in the constructed diagrams. It is shown bottom temperature jump as a result of the Joule Thomson drosseling effect then connective transmitted up at flow rate v. In such case well-head or well outlet oil mixture (OM) flow temperature depend more of volume of stream flow than of bottom hole temperature. Thought in the paper, do not taking into consideration great casing annulus areas influence to the well outlet flow temperature. As shown from supporting paper the relative values og the thermal conductivity of the liquid column and gas column present in the casing annulus order less than well bore (WB) wall thermal conductivity. Consequently well outlet OM flow temperature will depends not only of the volume of stream flow, also of the bottom hole temperature and of the gas column and liquid column.</p><p>A new method for determining the oil well flow rate by measuring the downstream temperature is developed. A mathematical model is proposed that allows calculating the thermal profile of the fluid along the wellbore for determining the oil well flow rate with account of the geothermal gradient in the rock surrounding the wellbore. It is shown, that unlike the existing methods the new proposed method allows determining the instantaneous discharge of a well very easily. One of the actual challenges in fluid (oil, water and gas) transportation from wells to oil treatment installation is determination of a law of temperature distribution along the length of a pipeline at low ambient temperature. That temperature leads to increase in viscosity and deposition of wax on inner surface of a pipe. To overcome that challenge it is needed to consider several defining characteristics of formation fluid (FF) flow. Complexity of a solution is caused by two factors. From the one hand, in most cases (especially on a late stage of field development) FF is an oil emulsion (OE) that contains gas bubbles. From the other hand, temperature gradient between fluid flow and the environment has significant value (especially in the winter period of the year). At the same time, the higher content of emulsified water droplets (EWD) in OE and lower flow temperature, the higher FF viscosity, and consequently productivity (efficiency) of oil pumping system is reduced. Performed research and analysis of field experimental data showed that a function of oil viscosity versus temperature has a hyperbolic law; a function of OE viscosity versus concentration of EWD has a parabolic one. A heat balance for a certain section of a pipeline in steady state of fluid motion using a method of separation of variables was established taking into account above mentioned factors, Fourier’s empirical laws on heat conductivity and Newton’s law on heat transfer. As a result, unlike existing works, an exponential law of distribution of temperature along the length of a pipeline is obtained. A law takes into account nonlinear nature of change in viscosity of OE from change in temperature of flow and concentration of water in an emulsion. As a result, in contrast to the existing works, the proposed exponential law of temperature distribution along the length of the pipeline is obtained, taking into account the nonlinear nature of variation of OE viscosity with the change in the flow temperature and the concentration of water in the emulsion. The results of the calculation are presented in the form of a table and graphs.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>термодинамика</kwd><kwd>тепловое трение</kwd><kwd>теплоемкость</kwd><kwd>теплообмен</kwd><kwd>энергия</kwd><kwd>энтропия</kwd><kwd>энтальпия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>thermodynamics</kwd><kwd>heat friction</kwd><kwd>heat capacity</kwd><kwd>heat transfer</kwd><kwd>energy</kwd><kwd>entropy</kwd><kwd>enthalpy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hafemann T. E., Ferreia M. V. D., Barbosa J. R., Silva A. K. 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