Рассматривается задача гомеостатического управления системами с существенной неопределенностью динамической структуры и нестационарностью параметров. На примере процесса двухконтурного противоточного теплообмена раскрываются приемы и способы решения поставленной задачи на основе нечетких регуляторов. Приводятся результаты численного моделирования синтезированной системы управления и обсуждаются ее свойства.
The authors present the task of control with account of the significant uncertainty of the dynamic structures and non-stationary parameters of objects. Using the analogy between the task and the ways of functioning of the biological systems, one can conclude that it is possible to solve this problem on the basis of the homeostatic control. This technology combines the principles of a multilevel structure of the information control system, its modular structure and the division of each level. This possibility is demonstrated by the example of control of the process of a double-loop counterflow heat exchange, where the primary loop includes an operated heater and the secondary one is intended for a heat supply ofthe external end-users. By the temporal and spatial discretization ofthe process a mathematical model ofthe heat exchange in a different form was developed and imitated in MatLab. It demonstrates that implementation of those principles is advisable in the class of the fuzzy algorithms, which uses a composition ofthe local control in each subsystem. The multi-alternative control system of the process ofthe counterflow heat exchange is synthesized, wherein: we use a controller with five independent channels, which start by the distance of the rated state and ensure the property of homeostasis; an alternative channel of the input disturbance, which operates at a high-speed system, is implemented; an additional control loop of the primary coolant flow, which prevents critical temperature conditions in the heat exchanger is constructed. By a simulation model the quality indicators of the system are checked and the effectiveness of the multi-alternative principles is confirmed. The article ends with a discussion of the concrete practical results, obtained by multilevel processing of information in the system, modular formation of the control solution and variety of processing and separation methods of the subsystem function. Good prospects for use of the multi-alternative concept for the control systems with a fundamental indeterminacy of the structure and the parameters are confirmed.
The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.