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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">novtexmech</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Мехатроника, автоматизация, управление</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Mekhatronika, Avtomatizatsiya, Upravlenie</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1684-6427</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-1253</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Commercial Publisher «New Technologies»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17587/mau.27.115-126</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">novtexmech-1954</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СИСТЕМНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ, УПРАВЛЕНИЕ И ОБРАБОТКА ИНФОРМАЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SYSTEM ANALYSIS, CONTROL AND INFORMATION PROCESSING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Алгоритмы адаптивного управления каскадными динамическими объектами на базе метода обучения с подкреплением</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Adaptive Control Algorithms for Pure-Feedback Plants Based on the Reinforcement Learning Method</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Медведев</surname><given-names>М. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Medvedev</surname><given-names>M. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>М. Ю. Медведев, д-р техн. наук, доц.</p><p>г. Таганрог</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>M. Y. Medvedev, Dr. of Tech. Sc., Leading Researcher</p><p>Taganrog, 347923 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">medvmihal@sfedu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пшихопов</surname><given-names>В. Х.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pshikhopov</surname><given-names>V. Kh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>В. Х. Пшихопов, д-р техн. наук, проф.</p><p>г. Таганрог</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>V. Kh. Pshikhopov</p><p>Taganrog, 347923</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vhpshichop@sfedu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Медведев</surname><given-names>И. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Medvedev</surname><given-names>I. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>И. М. Медведев, студент</p><p>г. Таганрог</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>I. M. Medvedev</p><p>Taganrog, 347923</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">imedvede@sfedu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Южный федеральный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Southern Federal University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>115</fpage><lpage>126</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Commercial Publisher «New Technologies», 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Commercial Publisher «New Technologies»</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Commercial Publisher «New Technologies»</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://mech.novtex.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://mech.novtex.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://mech.novtex.ru/jour/article/view/1954">https://mech.novtex.ru/jour/article/view/1954</self-uri><abstract><p>Рассматриваются алгоритмы адаптивного управления динамическими объектами каскадной структуры, базирующиеся на методе градиента стратегии. Используется структура обучения с подкреплением, известная как Actor-Critic. Разрабатывается базовый алгоритм, применяемый для объекта первого порядка. Новизна предлагаемого алгоритма адаптивного управления заключается в предложенном аналитическом способе вычисления оценки ценности состояния (алгоритм Critic). Алгоритм Actor базируется на заданной структуре закона управления и методе временных различий. Предложена модификация алгоритма, обеспечивающая ограничение роста настраиваемого коэффициента. Приводится анализ устойчивости и сходимости процессов стабилизации управляемой переменной и оценок ценности состояния. Получены условия, при которых управляемая переменная в процессе обучения не выходит за заданные ограничения и асимптотически устойчива относительно нулевого состояния. Предложены два подхода к учету ограничений на управляющее воздействие. В первом подходе используется нейросетевая аппроксимация коэффициента алгоритма управления и предложено обнулять дельта-ошибку при выходе управления на ограничения. Данный подход реализован с помощью логистических функций и позволяет учитывать несимметричные ограничения. Однако он вычислительно затратен из-за необходимости использования нейронной сети. Во втором подходе управление ищется в виде аналитической функции с ограничениями. Получены условия устойчивости системы относительно нулевого положения, учитывающие ограничения на управляющее воздействие. Полученные алгоритмы обобщаются на многомерный объект, представленный в канонической форме. Предложенные алгоритмы отличаются высокой вычислительной эффективностью, они не требуют численных оценок ценности состояния и оптимизации управления с использованием нейронных сетей. Разработанные алгоритмы обеспечивают нахождение переменных состояния и управляющих воздействий в заданной области в процессе обучения, что позволяет применять их без предварительного обучения. Приводятся три численных примера синтеза и моделирования адаптивных систем управления. При этом один из примеров демонстрирует структурную настройку алгоритма управления.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper proposes algorithms for adaptive control of pure-feedback objects based on the strategy gradient method. A reinforcement learning framework known as Actor-Critic is used. The Critic algorithm proposes analytical method for calculating the assessment of the value of the state. The Actor algorithm is based on a given structure of the control law and the time difference method. The novelty of this algorithm lies in the modification of the learning algorithm, which limits the growth of the adjustable coefficient. An analysis of the stability and convergence of the processes of stabilization of the controlled variable and estimates of the value of the condition is given. Conditions have been obtained under which the controlled variable does not exceed the specified constraints during the learning process and is asymptotically stable relative to the zero state. Two approaches to the consideration of constraints on the control are proposed. The first approach uses a neural network approximation of the control algorithm and suggests zeroing the delta error when the control reaches constraints. In the second approach, control is designed in the form of an analytical function with constraints. The conditions for the stability of the system relative to the zero position are obtained, taking into account the constraints on the control action. The obtained algorithms are generalized to a multidimensional object presented in canonical form. The algorithms ensure that state variables and control actions are found in a given area during the learning process, which allows them to be applied without prior training.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>адаптивное управление</kwd><kwd>обучение с подкреплением</kwd><kwd>метод Actor-Critic</kwd><kwd>метод временных различий</kwd><kwd>ограничения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>adaptive control</kwd><kwd>reinforcement learning</kwd><kwd>Actor-Critic method</kwd><kwd>time difference method</kwd><kwd>constraints</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда № 25-61-00017 "Интеллектуальные методы траекторного управления робототехническими комплексами в условиях параметрических и внешних возмущений", https://rscf.ru/project/25-61-00017/ на базе ФГАОУ ВО "Южный федеральный университет".</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was carried out with support of a grant from the Russian Science Foundation No. 25-61-00017 "Intelligent methods of trajectory control of robotic systems under parametric and external disturbances" performed at Southern Federal University, https://rscf.ru/project/25-61-00017/.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sutton R., Barto A. 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