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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">novtexmech</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Мехатроника, автоматизация, управление</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Mekhatronika, Avtomatizatsiya, Upravlenie</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1684-6427</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-1253</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Commercial Publisher «New Technologies»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17587/mau.26.657-665</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">novtexmech-1887</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДИНАМИКА, БАЛЛИСТИКА, УПРАВЛЕНИЕ ДВИЖЕНИЕМ ЛЕТАТЕЛЬНЫХ АППАРАТОВ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DYNAMICS, BALLISTICS AND CONTROL OF AIRCRAFT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Управление переориентацией малоразмерного космического аппарата при высоком снижении эффективности исполнительных устройств с использованием скользящего режима</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Reorientation of a Small Spacecraft under Severe Actuator Efficiency Degradation Using Sliding Mode Control</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крамлих</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kramlikh</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. тех. наук, доц.</p><p>Самара</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Candidate of Science (Engineering), Associate Professor</p><p>Samara, 443086</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kramlikh@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Самарский университет им. Королева</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Samara National Research University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>12</issue><fpage>657</fpage><lpage>665</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Commercial Publisher «New Technologies», 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Commercial Publisher «New Technologies»</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Commercial Publisher «New Technologies»</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://mech.novtex.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://mech.novtex.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://mech.novtex.ru/jour/article/view/1887">https://mech.novtex.ru/jour/article/view/1887</self-uri><abstract><p>Обсуждается синтез законов управления переориентацией малоразмерного космического аппарата нанокласса стандарта кубсат в случае высокого снижения эффективности исполнительных устройств. Под высоким снижением эффективности (деградацией) исполнительных устройств понимается  ситуация, при которой значение управляющего момента, создаваемого исполнительным устройством, становится равной 5% от максимального значения в штатном случае функционирования. При описании углового движения малоразмерного космического аппарата учитываются гравитационный, аэродинамический и возмущающий моменты. Задача переориентации малоразмерного космического аппарата решается для случая деградации двух каналов управления с использованием скользящего режима. Для синтеза законов управления используется оригинальная нелинейная скользящая поверхность. В процессе решения задачи были получены квазиадаптивный и адаптивный законы управления, сравнение которых проводится с использованием математического моделирования. Под квазиадаптивным законом управления понимается закон, в котором коэффициенты скользящей поверхности постоянны, но зависят от начальной угловой скорости. Под  адаптивным законом управления понимается закон, в котором коэффициенты скользящей поверхности изменяются согласно заданным дифференциальным уравнениям. Для настройки двух коэффициентов скользящей поверхности предложена и реализована идея использовать экспериментально полученную зависимость между двумя коэффициентами скользящей поверхности и начальной угловой скорости. По результатам численного моделирования можно сделать вывод, что адаптивный закон обеспечивает меньшее, по сравнению с квазиадаптивным законом, время решения задачи. Квазиадаптивный закон проще в реализации, поскольку не требует адаптации коэффициентов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This paper addresses the synthesis of control laws for the reorientation of a small nanosatellite spacecraft of the Cube- Sat standard in the case of severe degradation of actuator efficiency. Severe degradation (or reduction of efficiency) of actuators refers to a condition where the control torque generated by the actuator is reduced to 5 % of its maximum value under nominal operating conditions. The angular motion model accounts for gravitational, aerodynamic, and disturbance torques. The spacecraft reorientation problem is solved for the case of degradation in two control  channels using  sliding mode control. An original nonlinear sliding surface is used for the synthesis of the control laws. During the problem-solving process, quasi-adaptive and adaptive control laws were obtained, and their performance was compared using mathematical modelling. А quasi-adaptive control law is understood as a law in which the coefficients of the sliding surface are constant but depend on the initial angular velocity. An adaptive control law, on the other hand, is one in which the coefficients of the sliding surface change according to predefined differential equations. For adjusting the two coefficients of the sliding surface, an approach based on experimentally derived relationships between these two coefficients and the initial angular velocity was proposed and implemented. Based on the results of the numerical simulations, it can be concluded that the adaptive control law provides a shorter solution time compared to the quasi-adaptive control law. The quasi-adaptive law, however, is simpler to implement, as it does not require the adaptation of the coefficients.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>малоразмерный космический аппарат</kwd><kwd>переориентация</kwd><kwd>деградация канала  управления</kwd><kwd>закон управления</kwd><kwd>скользящий режим</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>small spacecraft</kwd><kwd>reorientation</kwd><kwd>control channel degradation</kwd><kwd>control law</kwd><kwd>sliding mode</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда № 23-67-10007, https://rscf.ru/project/23-67-10007/</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was carried out at the expense of a grant from the Russian Science Foundation (project no. 23-67-10007, https://rscf.ru/project/23-67-10007/)</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Saleh J. 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