<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">novtexmech</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Мехатроника, автоматизация, управление</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Mekhatronika, Avtomatizatsiya, Upravlenie</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1684-6427</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-1253</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Commercial Publisher «New Technologies»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17587/mau.23.629-636</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">novtexmech-1286</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СИСТЕМНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ, УПРАВЛЕНИЕ И ОБРАБОТКА ИНФОРМАЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SYSTEM ANALYSIS, CONTROL AND INFORMATION PROCESSING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Технологии анализа и вычисления взаимосвязи между полезной составляющей и помехой зашумленного сигнала в системах мониторинга</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Technologies for Analyzing and Calculating the Relationship between the Useful Component and the Noise of Noisy Signal in Monitoring Systems</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алиев</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aliev</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>академик НАН Азербайджана, д-р техн. наук, проф., зав. кафедрой</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">telmancyber@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мусаева</surname><given-names>Н. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Musaeva</surname><given-names>N. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р техн. наук, проф.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">musanaila@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гулуев</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Quluyev</surname><given-names>Q. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р техн. наук, зав. лабораторией</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lab1.5@isi.az</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рзаева</surname><given-names>Н. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rzayeva</surname><given-names>N. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ph.D., доц., зав. отделом</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nikanel1@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт систем управления, Азербайджанский архитектурно-строительный университет</institution><country>Азербайджан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Control Systems, Azerbaijan University of Architecture and Construction</institution><country>Azerbaijan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт систем управления</institution><country>Азербайджан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Control Systems</institution><country>Azerbaijan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>12</issue><fpage>628</fpage><lpage>636</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Commercial Publisher «New Technologies», 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Commercial Publisher «New Technologies»</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Commercial Publisher «New Technologies»</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://mech.novtex.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://mech.novtex.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://mech.novtex.ru/jour/article/view/1286">https://mech.novtex.ru/jour/article/view/1286</self-uri><abstract><p>Обсуждается разработка алгоритмов вычисления взаимно корреляционной функции и коэффициента корреляции между полезным сигналом и помехой зашумленного сигнала. Проанализированы факторы, влияющие на адекватность результатов решения задач мониторинга и контроля. Отмечено, что при обработке зашумленных сигналов следует применять алгоритмы и технологии раздельной обработки полезной составляющей и помехи. Показано, что в системах мониторинга и контроля при возникновении неисправностей нарушается такое важное условие, как отсутствие корреляции между полезным сигналом и помехой. Поэтому возникает задача вычисления взаимной корреляционной функции и коэффициента корреляции между полезным сигналом и суммарной помехой.Предложены алгоритмы вычисления оценок коэффициента корреляции и корреляционной функции между полезным сигналом и помехой с использованием оценок корреляционной функции между центрированными и нецентрированными зашумленными сигналами. Отмечено, что момент возникновения корреляции между полезным сигналом и помехой можно контролировать в реальном масштабе времени. Показано, что оценка дисперсии суммарной помехи до появления корреляции является стабильной величиной. При появлении корреляции значение дисперсии суммарной помехи меняется. Разность дисперсий принимается как аналог оценки взаимной корреляционной функции между полезным сигналом и помехой при нулевом временном сдвиге.Предложена технология проведения вычислительных экспериментов. Сформированы дискретные значения полезного сигнала, помехи и зашумленного сигнала. Вычислены коэффициент корреляции и взаимная корреляционная функция между полезным сигналом и помехой по разработанным и традиционным алгоритмам. Проведен сравнительный анализ.Показано, что предлагаемые в работе технологии вычисления оценок взаимной корреляционной функции и коэффициента корреляции между полезным сигналом и помехой, а также дисперсии суммарной помехи позволяют извлечь дополнительную важную информацию из зашумленных сигналов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article is devoted to the development of algorithms for calculating the cross-correlation function and the correlation coefficient between the useful signal and the noise of a noisy signal. The authors analyze the factors influencing the adequacy of the results of solving the problems of monitoring, control, management, etc. It is noted that when processing noisy signals, algorithms and technologies for separate processing of the useful component and the noise should be used. It is shown that in the event of malfunctions, such an important condition as the absence of correlation between the useful signal and the noise is violated in monitoring and control systems. Therefore, the problem arises of calculating the crosscorrelation function and the correlation coefficient between the useful signal and the total noise as well. Algorithms are proposed for calculating the estimates of the correlation coefficient and the correlation function between the useful signal and the noise of noisy signals. It is pointed out that the moment of occurrence of the correlation between the useful signal and the noise can be monitored in real time in information systems. It is shown that the estimate of the variance of the total noise before the appearance of the correlation is a stable value. When a correlation appears, the value of the variance of the total noise changes. The difference in the variance estimates is taken as an analogue of the estimate of the cross-correlation function between the useful signal and the noise at zero time shift.A technology for conducting computational experiments is proposed. Discrete values of the useful signal, noise and noisy signal are generated. The correlation coefficient and the cross-correlation function between the useful signal and the noise are calculated by the developed and traditional algorithms. A comparative analysis is carried out. It is shown that the proposed technologies for calculating the estimates of the cross-correlation function and the correlation coefficient between the useful signal and the noise, as well as the variance of the total noise, make it possible to extract additional important information from noisy signals. This opens up the opportunity to increase the efficiency of the analysis of noisy signals.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>полезный сигнал</kwd><kwd>помеха</kwd><kwd>зашумленный сигнал</kwd><kwd>отсчеты</kwd><kwd>корреляционная функция</kwd><kwd>коэффициент корреляции</kwd><kwd>система мониторинга</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>useful signal</kwd><kwd>noise</kwd><kwd>noisy signal</kwd><kwd>samples</kwd><kwd>correlation function</kwd><kwd>correlation coefficient</kwd><kwd>monitoring system</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aliev T. A. Noise control of the Beginning and Development Dynamics of Accidents. Springer, 2019. 201 p. DOI:10.1007/978-3-030-12512-7</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aliev T. A. Noise control of the Beginning and Development Dynamics of Accidents. Springer, 2019. 201 p. DOI:10.1007/978-3-030-12512-7</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сандомирский С. Г. Влияние точности измерения и диапазона изменения физической величины на коэффициент корреляции между ее истинными значениями и результатами измерений // Измерительная техника. 2014. № 10. С. 13—17.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sandomirskii S. G. Influence of measurement accuracy and range of change of a physical quantity on the correlation coefficient between its true values and measurement results, Measuremnt Techniques, 2014, no. 10, pp. 13—17 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сандомирский С. Г. Зависимость коэффициента корреляции между результатами измерения параметра и его истинными значениями от приведенной погрешности измерения // Приборы и методы измерений. 2019. Т. 10, № 1. С. 90—98.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sandomirskii S. G. Dependence of the Correlation Coefficient Between the Results of a Parameter Measurement and Its True Values on the Reduced Measurement Error, Devices and Methods of Measurements, 2019, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 90—98 (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chen X., Wang M., Zhang Yu., Feng Y., Wu Z., Huang N. E. Detecting Signals from Data with Noise: Theory and Applications // Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences. 2013. Vol. 70, Iss. 5. P. 1489—1504.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chen X., Wang M., Zhang Yu., Feng Y., Wu Z., Huang N. E. Detecting Signals from Data with Noise: Theory and Applications // Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences. 2013. Vol. 70, Iss. 5. P. 1489—1504.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Altankhuyag Y., Hardt W. Noise Signal Analysis for Fault Detection // Energy Research. 2017. Vol. 1, Iss. 1. P. 47—59.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Altankhuyag Y., Hardt W. Noise Signal Analysis for Fault Detection // Energy Research. 2017. Vol. 1, Iss. 1. P. 47—59.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tafinine F., Mokrani K. Real time automatic detection of bearing fault in induction machine using kurtogram analysis // The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 2012. Vol. 132, N. 5. EL405-10.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tafinine F., Mokrani K. Real time automatic detection of bearing fault in induction machine using kurtogram analysis // The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 2012. Vol. 132, N. 5. EL405-10.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Konold C., Pollatsek A. Data Analysis as the Search for Signals in Noisy Processes // Journal for Research in Mathematics Education. 2002. Vol. 33, N. 4. P. 259—289.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Konold C., Pollatsek A. Data Analysis as the Search for Signals in Noisy Processes // Journal for Research in Mathematics Education. 2002. Vol. 33, N. 4. P. 259—289.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Delgado-Arredondo A. P., Morinigo-Sotelo D., Osornio- Rios R. A., Avina-Cervantes J. G., Rostro-Gonzalez H., Romero- Troncoso R. de J. Methodology for fault detection in induction motors via sound and vibration signals // Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing. 2017. Vol. 83. P. 568—589.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Delgado-Arredondo A. P., Morinigo-Sotelo D., Osornio- Rios R. A., Avina-Cervantes J. G., Rostro-Gonzalez H., Romero- Troncoso R. de J. Methodology for fault detection in induction motors via sound and vibration signals // Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing. 2017. Vol. 83. P. 568—589.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Javorskyj I. N., Yuzefovych R. M., Dzeryn Yu. O., Semenov P. A. Properties of LSM-estimator of correlation function of biperiodically correlated random processes // Journal of Automation and Information Sciences. 2020. Vol. 52, Iss. 6. P. 44—57.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Javorskyj I. N., Yuzefovych R. M., Dzeryn Yu. O., Semenov P. A. Properties of LSM-estimator of correlation function of biperiodically correlated random processes // Journal of Automation and Information Sciences. 2020. Vol. 52, Iss. 6. P. 44—57.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Heel M., Schatz M., Orlova E. Correlation functions revisited // Ultramicroscopy. 1992. Vol. 46, Iss. 1—4. P. 307—316.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Heel M., Schatz M., Orlova E. Correlation functions revisited // Ultramicroscopy. 1992. Vol. 46, Iss. 1—4. P. 307—316.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schulz-Du B. E. O., Rehberg I. Structure function in lieu of correlation function // Applied Physics A. 1981. Iss. 24. P. 323—329.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schulz-Du B. E. O., Rehberg I. Structure function in lieu of correlation function // Applied Physics A. 1981. Iss. 24. P. 323—329.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Asma F. Damage detection by updating using correlation functions // Scientific Bulletin-University Politehnica of Bucharest, Series D: Mechanical Engineering. 2011. Vol. 73, N. 1. P. 31—42.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Asma F. Damage detection by updating using correlation functions // Scientific Bulletin-University Politehnica of Bucharest, Series D: Mechanical Engineering. 2011. Vol. 73, N. 1. P. 31—42.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pinghe N., Yong X., Siu-Seong L., Zhu S. Structural Damage Detection Using Auto / Cross-Correlation Functions Under Multiple Unknown Excitations // International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics. 2014. Vol. 14, N. 05. P. 1440006.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pinghe N., Yong X., Siu-Seong L., Zhu S. Structural Damage Detection Using Auto / Cross-Correlation Functions Under Multiple Unknown Excitations // International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics. 2014. Vol. 14, N. 05. P. 1440006.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bendat J. S., Piersol A. G. Engineering Applications of Correlation and Spectral Analysis. N. Y.: Wiley, 1993. 458 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bendat J. S., Piersol A. G. Engineering Applications of Correlation and Spectral Analysis. N. Y.: Wiley, 1993. 458 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aliev T. A., Musaeva N. F., Suleymanova M. T., Gazizade B. I. Analytic representation of the density function of normal distribution of noise // Journal of Automation and Information Sciences. 2015. Vol. 47(8), N. 4. P. 24—40.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aliev T. A., Musaeva N. F., Suleymanova M. T., Gazizade B. I. Analytic representation of the density function of normal distribution of noise // Journal of Automation and Information Sciences. 2015. Vol. 47(8), N. 4. P. 24—40.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aliev T. A., Musaeva N. F., Gazizade B. I. Algorithms for calculating high-order moments of the noise of noisy signals // Journal of Automation and Information Sciences. 2018. Vol. 50, N. 6. P. 1—13.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aliev T. A., Musaeva N. F., Gazizade B. I. Algorithms for calculating high-order moments of the noise of noisy signals // Journal of Automation and Information Sciences. 2018. Vol. 50, N. 6. P. 1—13.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aliev T. A., Musaeva N. F., Suleymanova M. T. Algorithms for Indicating the Beginning of Accidents Based on the Estimate of the Density Distribution Function of the Noise of Technological Parameters // Automatic Control and Computer Science. 2018. Vol. 52, Iss. 3. P. 231—242.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aliev T. A., Musaeva N. F., Suleymanova M. T. Algorithms for Indicating the Beginning of Accidents Based on the Estimate of the Density Distribution Function of the Noise of Technological Parameters // Automatic Control and Computer Science. 2018. Vol. 52, Iss. 3. P. 231—242.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aliev T. A., Musaeva N. F. Technologies for Early Monitoring of Technical Objects Using the Estimates of Noise Distribution Density // Journal of Automation and Information Sciences. 2019. Vol. 51, N. 9. P. 12—23.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aliev T. A., Musaeva N. F. Technologies for Early Monitoring of Technical Objects Using the Estimates of Noise Distribution Density // Journal of Automation and Information Sciences. 2019. Vol. 51, N. 9. P. 12—23.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aliyev T. A., Musaeva N. F., Rzayeva N. E., Mammadova A. I. Development of technologies for reducing the error of traditional algorithms of correlation analysis of noisy signals // Measurement Techniques, Springer. 2020. N. 6. P. 421—430.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aliyev T. A., Musaeva N. F., Rzayeva N. E., Mammadova A. I. Development of technologies for reducing the error of traditional algorithms of correlation analysis of noisy signals // Measurement Techniques, Springer. 2020. N. 6. P. 421—430.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aliev T. A., Musaeva N. F., Rzayeva N. E., Mamedova A. I. Technologies for forming equivalent noises of noisy signals and their use // Journal of Automation and Information Sciences. 2020. Vol. 52, N. 5. P. 1—12.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aliev T. A., Musaeva N. F., Rzayeva N. E., Mamedova A. I. Technologies for forming equivalent noises of noisy signals and their use // Journal of Automation and Information Sciences. 2020. Vol. 52, N. 5. P. 1—12.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru"></mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
