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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">novtexmech</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Мехатроника, автоматизация, управление</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Mekhatronika, Avtomatizatsiya, Upravlenie</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1684-6427</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-1253</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Commercial Publisher «New Technologies»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17587/mau.23.302-308</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">novtexmech-1203</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СИСТЕМНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ, УПРАВЛЕНИЕ И ОБРАБОТКА ИНФОРМАЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SYSTEM ANALYSIS, CONTROL AND INFORMATION PROCESSING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Синергетическая модель ситуационной осведомленности человека-оператора в эргатических системах управления подвижными объектами</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Synergetic Model of Situational Awareness of a Human Operator in Ergatic Control Systems of Mobile Objects</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Суятинов</surname><given-names>С. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Suyatinov</surname><given-names>S. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат технических наук, доцент.</p><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow, 105005.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ssi@bmstu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Булдакова</surname><given-names>Т. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Buldakova</surname><given-names>T. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор технических наук, профессор.</p><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD., Faculty of Computer Science and  Control Systems  of Bauman Moscow State  Technical University.</p><p>Moscow, 105005.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">buldakova@bmstu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вишневская</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vishnevskaya</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аспирант.</p><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow, 105005.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vishne-yulya@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>МГТУ имени Н.Э. Баумана</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Bauman Moscow State Technical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>06</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>302</fpage><lpage>308</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Commercial Publisher «New Technologies», 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Commercial Publisher «New Technologies»</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Commercial Publisher «New Technologies»</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://mech.novtex.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://mech.novtex.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://mech.novtex.ru/jour/article/view/1203">https://mech.novtex.ru/jour/article/view/1203</self-uri><abstract><p>В настоящее  время особую актуальность приобретают  исследования эргатических систем управления подвижными объектами, в которых важная  роль отводится  человеку-оператору. Эффективность функционирования таких  систем в  значительной мере  зависит  от  состояния  человека-оператора и, в  первую  очередь, от  его ситуационной осведомленности.  Недостаточная или  неадекватная осведомленность  оператора  о ситуации в подобных  системах  является одним  из основных  факторов  несчастных  случаев, связанных  с человеческой  ошибкой.  Поэтому  актуальной является задача создания  моделей профессиональной  деятельности человека-оператора, включая  модели его ситуационной осведомленности.  Показано, что в основе ситуационной осведомленности лежат  ментальные  модели человека-оператора. Их адекватность зависит  от многих  субъективных характеристик (факторов), свойственных человеку, например, от его интеллекта,  психического состояния, накопленного опыта.  Математическая формализация позволит  уменьшить субъективную составляющую в формировании  ситуационной осведомленности. Отмечено, что  важными  свойствами ситуационной осведомленности человека-оператора являются ассоциативность и ранжирование информации  в зависимости  от контекста решаемой задачи.  Поэтому  ситуационная осведомленность  обеспечивает  восприятие  текущей ситуации и позволяет  принимать  правильные  решения в ответ на те или иные угрозы. Приведены  уровни реализации ситуационной осведомленности у человека-оператора. Особенность первого уровня состоит в необходимости  совместной обработки  большого объема разнородной  информации  в целях  выявления значимых  фактов  и критической информации о внешних  объектах.  Задачей  второго  уровня  является  формирование  целостной  картины  ситуации, что основано  на имеющихся  знаниях  и предшествующем опыте.  Третий, самый  высокий, уровень  понимания ситуации основывается на  способности  человека  прогнозировать  действия  подвижных  объектов  и последствия этих  действий. Предложено формировать  модель ситуационной осведомленности  на основе  синергетического подхода  Хакена.  Как  и большинство других интеллектуальных систем, синергетическая модель Хакена  включает процессы обучения и распознавания. Дано описание  процесса распознавания критической ситуации с помощью обученной синергетической модели. Отмечено  значение параметра  внимания, который  характеризует важность  конкретной характеристики состояния  управляемого объекта в эргатической системе.  Исследованы  ассоциативные свойства  синергетической модели и ее способность ранжирования  исходной  информации  в процессе анализа  угроз при управлении вертолетом.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>At present, researches of ergatic control systems for moving objects, in which an important role is assigned to the human  operator, are of particular relevance. The effectiveness of the functioning of such systems largely depends on the state of the human operator and, first of all, on his situational  awareness. Insufficient  or inadequate  awareness of the operator about the situation in such systems is one of the main  factors of accidents  associated with human  error. Therefore, the task of creating models of professional activity of a human  operator, including  models of his situational  awareness,  is urgent. It is shown that situational awareness is based on mental models of a human  operator. Their adequacy  depends on many subjective characteristics (factors) peculiar to a person, for example, his intelligence, mental state, accumulated  experience. Mathematical formalization  will reduce the subjective component in the formation of situational awareness. It is noted that important properties of situational awareness of the human  operator are associativity and ranking of information  depending on the context of the problem being solved. Therefore, situational awareness provides perception of the current situation and allows you to make  the right decisions in response to certain threats. The levels of implementation of situational  awareness in a human  operator are given. A feature of the first level is the need for joint processing of a large amount  of heterogeneous information  in order to identify  significant facts and critical information  about external  objects. The  task of the second level is to form a holistic picture of the situation, which is based on existing knowledge and previous experience. The third, highest level of understanding  of the situation is based on the ability of a person to predict the actions of moving objects and the consequences of these actions. It is proposed to form a model of situational awareness  based on Haken’s  synergetic approach.  Like  most other intelligent systems, the synergetic Haken’s  model  includes learning and recognition processes. A description of the process of recognizing a critical situation using a trained synergetic model is given. The  value of the attention  parameter, which characterizes  the importance of a specific characteristic of the state of the controlled object in the ergatic system, is noted. The associative properties of the synergetic model and its ability to rank the initial information  in the process of threat analysis during helicopter control are investigated.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>эргатическая  система</kwd><kwd>ситуационная  осведомленность</kwd><kwd>ситуационная  модель</kwd><kwd>синергетика</kwd><kwd>распознавание ситуации</kwd><kwd>параметр  внимания</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>ergatic system</kwd><kwd>situational awareness</kwd><kwd>situational model</kwd><kwd>synergetics</kwd><kwd>situation recognition</kwd><kwd>attention parameter</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nosov P. S., Palamarchuk I. V., Zinchenko S. M., Popovych I. S., Nahrybelnyi Ya. A., Nosova H. V. 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