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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">novtexmech</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Мехатроника, автоматизация, управление</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Mekhatronika, Avtomatizatsiya, Upravlenie</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1684-6427</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-1253</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Commercial Publisher «New Technologies»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17587/mau.22.537-546</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">novtexmech-1054</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РОБОТЫ, МЕХАТРОНИКА И РОБОТОТЕХНИЧЕСКИЕ СИСТЕМЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ROBOT, MECHATRONICS AND ROBOTIC SYSTEMS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Организация маршрута анимата на основе визуальных ориентиров и распознавания сцен</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Animate Orientation Based on Visual Landmarks and Scene Recognition</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карпова</surname><given-names>И. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karpova</surname><given-names>I. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. техн. наук, доц.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Tech., Associate Professor</p><p>Moscow, 101000, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">karpova_ip@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский университет "Высшая школа экономики"</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research University, Higher School of Economics (HSE)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>10</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>10</issue><fpage>537</fpage><lpage>546</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Commercial Publisher «New Technologies», 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Commercial Publisher «New Technologies»</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Commercial Publisher «New Technologies»</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://mech.novtex.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://mech.novtex.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://mech.novtex.ru/jour/article/view/1054">https://mech.novtex.ru/jour/article/view/1054</self-uri><abstract><p>Среди природоподобных технологий есть направление, в рамках которого исследуется применение навигационных механизмов насекомых для навигации автономных роботов. Данная работа относится к указанному направлению и посвящена использованию этого подхода для решения задач фуражирования и рекогносцировки. В качестве модельного вида взят муравей рода Formica rufa — рыжий лесной муравей, который активно использует коллективную фуражировку. Муравей-разведчик этого вида не только запоминает маршрут до пищи, но умеет передавать муравьям-фуражирам сведения о местонахождении пищи, и те самостоятельно, без сопровождающего, могут до нее дойти и вернуться домой. Рассматриваются основные аспекты навигационного механизма муравьев, которые используют для возвращения домой и повторного прохождения пути запомненные ранее визуальные ориентиры и врожденную систему интеграции пути. В основу предлагаемого метода положено запоминание пути по визуальным ориентирам и принципы нечеткого управления. Введена модель описания пути для анимата, состоящая из последовательности сцен. Создан алгоритм, имитирующий поисковое поведение муравья для анимата-разведчика. Разработан набор правил, которые позволяют анимату-последователю перейти от описания маршрута к действиям по его воспроизведению. В основе поведения последователя (фуражира) лежат те же принципы, что и у разведчика, только вместо запоминания сцен он использует процедуру распознавания и сопоставления сцен. Действия аниматов представлены в виде элементарных поведенческих процедур, каждая поведенческая процедура реализована с помощью конечного автомата. Приведены результаты имитационного моделирования для решения задачи фуражировки. Эксперименты проводились с помощью системы моделирования, основанной на фреймворке ROS. Результаты моделирования подтверждают работоспособность и достаточно высокую эффективность предложенного метода. Метод не требует от робота больших вычислительных мощностей и развитых сенсорных возможностей и может также применяться в задачах рекогносцировки и патрулирования.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>A biologically-inspired approach to robot route following is presented. The ant of the genus Formica rufa (a red forest ant) is used as a model species. These ants actively use collective foraging, unlike many other ant species. The scout ant remembers the route to food and can transmit information about the food location to foraging ants. Foragers can independently reach this place using this data and return home. The basis of the proposed method is the memorization the way by visual landmarks and fuzzy control. The animate path description model consists of a sequence of scenes and includes compass to account for the direction. The behavior of the animate-scout is implemented using an algorithm that simulates the foraging behavior of ants. The animate-forager performs actions to reproduce the route, applying the developed set of rules. The forager behavior is based on the same principles as that of a scout. But the scout remembers the scenes, and the forager recognizes and compares the visible scene and the scene from the route description. The actions of animates are presented in the form of elementary behavioral procedures. Each behavioral procedure is implemented using a finite state machine. The experiments for solving the foraging problem were carried out using a modeling system based on the ROS framework. The simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method. The method does not require large computing power and advanced sensory capabilities from the robot. It can also be used in reconnaissance and patrol tasks.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>автономный мобильный робот</kwd><kwd>нечеткое управление</kwd><kwd>навигация муравьев</kwd><kwd>распознавание сцен</kwd><kwd>пространственно-временная ориентация</kwd><kwd>задачи фуражировки и рекогносцировки</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>autonomous mobile robot</kwd><kwd>fuzzy control</kwd><kwd>ant navigation</kwd><kwd>scene recognition</kwd><kwd>space-time orientation</kwd><kwd>foraging and reconnaissance tasks</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cruse H., Wehner R. No need for a cognitive map: Decentralized memory for insect navigation // PLoS Comput. Biol. 2011. Vol. 7, N. 3.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cruse H., Wehner R. No need for a cognitive map: Decentralized memory for insect navigation, PLoS Comput. 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